Saturday, February 11, 2023

PRACTICE QUESTIONS

 

  1. A client with a history of heart disease has been prescribed a beta-blocker to control hypertension. What should the nurse monitor for when administering this medication? a. Drowsiness b. Nausea c. Bradycardia d. Hyperactivity

  2. A client with diabetes mellitus has been instructed to check their blood glucose levels every morning before breakfast. What should the nurse teach the client about the importance of monitoring their blood glucose levels? a. To check for signs of diabetic ketoacidosis b. To adjust insulin doses based on blood glucose levels c. To identify changes in blood glucose levels d. All of the above

  3. A client has been diagnosed with pneumonia and is prescribed antibiotics. What should the nurse teach the client about taking antibiotics? a. To take the antibiotics with food to avoid stomach upset b. To stop taking the antibiotics when symptoms improve c. To take the antibiotics exactly as prescribed, even if symptoms have improved d. To double the dose if symptoms worsen

  4. A client with a history of drug abuse has been admitted to the hospital for detoxification. What should the nurse do to ensure the safety and well-being of the client during the detoxification process? a. Regularly assess the client's vital signs and level of consciousness b. Provide a calm and quiet environment to promote relaxation c. Administer medications as prescribed to manage withdrawal symptoms d. All of the above

  5. A client has been diagnosed with anemia and has been prescribed iron supplements. What should the nurse teach the client about taking iron supplements? a. To take iron supplements on an empty stomach to increase absorption b. To avoid taking iron supplements with calcium-rich foods c. To drink plenty of fluids while taking iron supplements d. To double the dose if symptoms do not improve

  6. A client has been diagnosed with a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and is at risk for pulmonary embolism. What should the nurse do to prevent the development of a pulmonary embolism? a. Administer anticoagulant medication as prescribed b. Encourage the client to ambulate frequently and perform leg exercises c. Assess the client's deep vein system regularly for signs of swelling or redness d. All of the above

  7. A client has been diagnosed with acute kidney injury and is being treated with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). What should the nurse monitor for when administering CRRT? a. Fluid and electrolyte imbalances b. Changes in blood pressure c. Hemodynamic stability d. All of the above

  8. A client with a history of alcoholism has been admitted to the hospital for detoxification. What should the nurse assess for when caring for a client in alcohol withdrawal? a. Tremors b. Seizures c. Hallucinations d. All of the above

  9. A client with a history of congestive heart failure has been prescribed a loop diuretic. What should the nurse teach the client about taking a loop diuretic? a. To take the medication in the morning to prevent sleep disturbances b. To take the medication with food to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects c. To report signs of dehydration, such as dry mouth and increased thirst d. To double the dose if symptoms do not improve


ANSWERS WITH RATIONAL
  1. C. Bradycardia. Beta-blockers can slow the heart rate, so it's important for the nurse to monitor for bradycardia, which is a decreased heart rate. Drowsiness, nausea, and hyperactivity are not typically associated with beta-blockers.

  2. D. All of the above. Monitoring blood glucose levels helps the client identify changes in their blood glucose levels, adjust insulin doses based on blood glucose levels, and check for signs of diabetic ketoacidosis.

  3. C. To take the antibiotics exactly as prescribed, even if symptoms have improved. The nurse should teach the client to complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed, even if symptoms have improved, to ensure that the bacteria causing the infection are fully eradicated. Taking antibiotics with food may help prevent stomach upset, but stopping the antibiotics early can lead to antibiotic resistance. Doubling the dose if symptoms worsen is not appropriate.

  4. D. All of the above. The nurse should regularly assess the client's vital signs and level of consciousness, provide a calm and quiet environment to promote relaxation, and administer medications as prescribed to manage withdrawal symptoms.

  5. B. To avoid taking iron supplements with calcium-rich foods. Calcium can interfere with iron absorption, so the nurse should teach the client to avoid taking iron supplements with calcium-rich foods such as dairy products, calcium supplements, and antacids. Taking iron supplements on an empty stomach may increase absorption, but it can also cause stomach upset. Drinking plenty of fluids while taking iron supplements is important for hydration, but does not impact iron absorption. Doubling the dose if symptoms do not improve is not appropriate.

  6. D. All of the above. Administering anticoagulant medication, encouraging the client to ambulate frequently and perform leg exercises, and assessing the client's deep vein system regularly for signs of swelling or redness can all help prevent the development of a pulmonary embolism in a client with a DVT.

  7. D. All of the above. Continuous renal replacement therapy can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances, changes in blood pressure, and disruptions in hemodynamic stability, so the nurse should monitor for all of these potential complications.

  8. D. All of the above. Alcohol withdrawal can cause tremors, seizures, and hallucinations, so the nurse should assess for all of these potential symptoms when caring for a client in alcohol withdrawal.

  9. C. To report signs of dehydration, such as dry mouth and increased thirst. Loop diuretics can cause dehydration, so the nurse should teach the client to report signs of dehydration such as dry mouth, increased thirst, and dark yellow urine. Taking the medication in the morning may help prevent sleep disturbances, but is not related to the risk of dehydration. Taking the medication with food may reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects, but does not impact the risk of dehydration. Doubling the dose if symptoms do not improve is not appropriate.

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